Class 8 Social Science the indian constitution test

Determine who the sentence describes as doing the giving. A Fundamental Right is a guarantee the state provides to citizens, phrased as protection: 'every citizen shall have the right to...'. A Fundamental Duty is an obligation citizens bear toward the country, phrased as a requirement: 'it shall be the duty of every citizen to...'. Once this directional distinction becomes clear, the two lists cease to be confused.

The Preamble sets out the purpose for every article that comes after it. Justice, liberty, equality and fraternity are more than mere words; courts refer to them as the standard when a law's meaning becomes unclear or contested. Grasping the Preamble first makes the remaining articles of the Constitution far easier to understand, instead of treating them as an isolated collection of regulations.

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